Steam shovel or excavator.



No. 633,850. Patented Sept. 26, I899.

P. N. JUNTE. v

STEAI SHOVEL 0B EXGAVATOR.

(Application fllerL Aug. 29, 1898.) (llo Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet l,

Wzbzasse; ,6. w.

Patented Sept 26,1899.

P. n. JONTE, STEAI SHDVEL 0B EX CAVATD R.

(Applicy-tinn 51nd Aug. 29, 1898.) (lo- Hodal.)

3 sums-sum 2.

No. 633.850. Patented 'Seht. 26, I899. --P-: N. ,JGNIE.

STEAM SHDVEL on EXcAVA OR.

' (Application filed Aug. 29, xes. (No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 3,

PATEN T Onrion PETER 1v. JONTE, or CINCINNATI, OHIO.

=STAM snot/Enos EXQAyATOR.

.SPEQIEICATEON forming per- 9 Letter .E ten lilo.

633,850, dated September 26, 1899.

Application and August 29,1898. Serialll'o. 689,718. (Nolnodeh) To allwhom, it natty cancer-m i vent-ion, such as willenable others.skil'ledin the art to which it appertains to make and use the same,reference being had to theac companying drawings, and to the figures ofreference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to certain improvements in steam shovels orexcavators, such as are used for excavating and ditching, and

has for its object to provide an apparatus of this character of a simpleand inexpensive nature which ,shall be strong, durable, and effectiveand which shall be adapted for adjustment so that theescavation may bemade in either .a horizontal or in an inclined plane.

The invention consists in certain novel features of the construction,combination, and

arrangement of the several parts of the improved apparatus wherebycertain important advantages are attained and the device is.

made simpler, cheaper, and otherwise better adapted and more convenientfor use, all as will be hereinafter fully setforth.

The novel features of theinvention will becarefully defined in theclaims.

In the accom panying d rawings,wh ich serve to illustrate in yinvention, Figure 1 is ,a side elevation showing the improvedSlififillifillOYQl or excavator, and Fig. 2 is an end viewof the same.Fig. 3 is a plan view of theappairatus. Fig. 4 is an enlarged detailsectional view showing the friction reversingear. Figs. 5 and 6 areenlarged detail views shoWiItg the .means for driving thereversing-gear. Fig. 7 isan enlargeddetail view showing the brake devicefor holding the rotative platform and the carriage whereon the same ismounted against movement. Fig. 8 is an enlarged fragmentary sectionalview taken longitiidiually thronghthe mastof the apparatus and showingthe connections ofone ,olf the cables employed for operating theshove orbucket. Fig. 9 is an enlarged sectiontakenitransversely .thr-pngh one ofthe sidebars of the .mast and showing the connection of the jibtherewith. Fig. 10 is an enlarged sectional view taken of the mast andshowing the connection between'the jib and the jointed frameof theapparatus.

1n the views, 1 indicates the tracks or rails 'wliereon is mounted formovement the car riag-e 2 which latter supports the apparatus and i5providedwith track-wheels 3, running on said tracks or rails l. Thetracks are usually laid in the excavation or ditch made b'ytheapparatus, though this is not essential.

ed to turn or swing pivotally, so as to impart a pivotal or turningmovement in a horizontal plane'to the parts of the apparatus carried PMi 6 incl cates the mast of the apparatus, formed .of vertically-slottedside bars spaced apart and connect-ed at top and bottom, the niast beingstepped pivotally, as indicated at 7, at one side of the platform andbeing provided with a brace pivotally connected to the other side of theplatform, whereby the said nast is adapted to be swung to a vertical orrearwardly-inclined position in a perpendicular plane. The said mast ismoved pivotally by means of a cable 8, which passes around a drum 9 onthe platform and is adapted to be wound on or unwound from said drumwhen itis desired to operate the mast.

11 indicates the jib, also formed of parallel side pieces or barssuitably spaced apart and braced, one end 12 of each side piece takingover the out-er side of the mast 6. The jib is braced and held to rockpivotally at its central part upon rods or arms 13,w,hich

to the central part of the jib, and have their inner ends pivoted at thestep 7 of themast 6.

.On the outer end of the jib is carried, by means of links 14, a bucketor shovel 15,

gravity when the jib'is raised and having its bottom made to be opened,so that when in proper position the contents of the bucket .or yshovel'may be readily dumped. The bucket or shovel is .alsoconnected with thefanidl7, the-end, of theilink 16 being extended longitudinally throughone of the side barst indicates the revolving platform mounted 9L$011615 don top of the carriage 2 and adapt are pivotal'ly connected. attheir outer ends adapted to hang suspended on said links by endbfthejib'by means of jointed links 16 and provided with a roller 18,adapted to engage a track 19, formed on the top or back face of thebucket or shovel. This arrangementserves to keep the rear end of thebucket pressed firmly against the ground and prevents it from kicking upbehind. A slack chain 20 is also provided, extending between the bucketand the jib, and this serves to bring the bucket into digging positionat the beginning of the stroke. The chain may be adjusted as to lengthso as tobring the bucket or shovel into digging position at thebeginning of the digging stroke, so as to permit of commencing saiddigging stroke when the jib stands at different angles. As shown in thedrawings, the jib is provided with a lug 20, extending up frotn it andadapted for the attachment of said chain in adjusted position.

The ends 12 of the side pieces of the jib 11 are connected, by meansofvertical links 22, with ajointed frame formed of the lower levers 23,pivotally connected at 24 with said links 22 and arranged to playoutside the side bars of the tnast 6. The pivot-pins 24: extend throughthe slots in the side bars of the mast, so as to guide the jointed framefor movement longitudinally with relation to the mast, and inside thesaid side bars of the mast are formedchannels wherein play rollers 24 onthe inner ends of said pivot-pins 2-1. These rollers serve to reduce thefriction as the jointed framemoves upon the mast.

The upper ends of the levers 23 are piv- Otally connected, as shown at25, with the upper level-s26 of the frame, which levers 2b are pivotallyconnected togetherat 27 and play inside the side bars of the tnast. Thejointed frame isheld in place by means of the long upper links 28, whichare connected at their lower ends with the pivot-pins 25 of the levers23 and 26 of the jointed frame and have their upper ends pivoted, asshown at 29, between the upper ends of the side bars of the mast.

At the lower end of the mast is arranged a double pulley 30, under whichpasses a pair of cables 31 and 31, connected to the upper and lower endsof the jointed frame, as will be hereinafter described, and arranged towind in opposite directions on the drum 32, mounted on the platform 4.The cable 31 after being passed under the pulley 30 is connected to aloop, the two ends 30 of which pass over pulleys or sheaves 30 on theouter ends of the pivot-pin 29 at the top of the mast, as clearly shownin Figs. 1 and 2. Thence the ends of said loop are carried down andaround pulleys or sheaves 24: on the outer ends of the pivot-pins 2% atthe lower end of the jointed frame, and thence said ends of the loop arecarried upward along the outer faces of the side bars of the mast andconnected by eyes 6 to the upper ends of said side bars. If desired, thepulleys or sheaves 24 may be dispensed with and the ends of the loop maybe attached directly to the lower end of the jointed frame instead ofthe upper end of the mast; but by the means shown greater leverage isattained and the power exerted to move the bucket or shovel in diggingis increased. The other cable 31 is also carried upward after beingpassed beneath the sheave or pulley 30 and is carried over a sheave orpulley 29*, arranged on the pivot-pin 29 at the upper end of the mastand located centrally between the side bars of the same, and thence saidcable is carried down, as clearly shown in Fig. 8, around a sheave orpulley 27 on the pivot-pin 27 at the upper end of the jointed frame.Thence said cable is carried upward and connected to an eye (3" at theupper end of the mast, as clearly seen in said figure. The cable 31might also be connected directly to the upper end of the jointed frame;but by the employment of the sheave or pulley 27* increased power isattained. By this arrangement when the drum 32 is turned in'onedirection, so as to wind the cable 31 thereon and to unwind the cable 31from the drutn, the lower end of the jointed frame will be drawn upward,the upperend of said frame being correspondingly lowered by reason ofthe pivotal connections of the levers 0f the frame with each other andwith the links 28. The inner end of the jib being connected with thelower end of the jointed frame by means of the links 22, said inner endof the jib will be moved upward, causing the jib to swing pivotally uponthe rods 13, whereby the outer end of the jib and the bucket or shovelcarried thereon will be moved in toward the mast 6. WVhen the drum 32 isturned in the opposite direction to unwind the cable 31 and wind thecable 31" upon the'drum, the upper end of the jointed frame, which waslowered in moving 'the bucket or shovel toward the mast, will be raised,and the lower end of said frame will be again lowered to the positionshown in Fig. 1. The jib connected to the lower end of the jointed framewill thus be swung pivot-ally on the arms or rods 13, and the shovel orbucket carried on the outer end of the jib will be moved in a directionaway from and at right angles to the plane in which the mast stands, soas to readily and properly fill said bucket, as will be readilyunderstood.

The drums 9 and are mounted on shafts 33, held in bearings 42 on theplatform and driven from any suit-able source of poweras, for example,from an engine (not shown) mounted upon the platformand said drums areoperated by reversing-gears of similar construction,\vliich I will nowdescribe. Each shaft has feathered on it a clutch member 34, (see Fig.4,) on opposite sides of which are loosely mounted on the shaftfriction-disks 35 and 36, each constructed with a pulley 37 and 40,respectively. Over the pulley 37 passes a belt 38, which extends downand passes around the thickened part of a shaft 39, journaled under theplatform 4 of the'apparatus. Over IIO the pulley 40 passes a belt 4 1,which also extends down and is crossed, its lower bight beingalso passedaround the thickened portion of the shaft 39. In this wayit will be seenthat the shaft 39 is capable of being alternately driven in oppositedirections from the disks 35 and 36. Each shaft 33 is made hollow ortubular atits end whereat the reversing-gear is located, and in thehollow 43 of the shaft is arranged a screw-threaded stem 44, screwing ina nut secured to one of the bearingblocks 42 of the shaft and having atits outer end a hand-wheel 46, by means of which the screw-stem may heturned. The other end of the screw-stem carries a pin 47, which playsthrough a slot in the shaft 43 and has engagement with the clutch member34 in such a way that when the screw-stem is moved length wise in thehollow of shaft 33 its movement will be imparted to the clutch member34, so as to move the same into operative engagement with one or theother of the friction-disks 35 and 36. The clutch member, to-; getherwith the shaft whereon the same is feathered, will thus be caused todrive the shaft 39 in one or the other direction, according as theclutch member is engaged with the disk 35 or with the disk 36. When thestem 44 is turned so as to move the clutch member 34 to a centralposition, it is evident neither of the disks 35 and 36 will be driven,and consequently the shaft 39 will remain stationary. The shaft 39 alsodrives the platform 4, being provided with a friction gear-wheel 48,which meshes with an annular gear-face 49 on the top of the carriage 2,and said shaft alsodrives, by means of bevel friction-gears 50 and 5i, avertical shaft 52, journaled' on the carriage 2 at the center of thegear-face 4:9 and having its lower end provided with a bevel-gear 53,

which meshes with a bevel-gear 54: on one of the axles 55 of thecarriage.

To hold the carriage'2 against movement along its tracks when theplatform is being turned, and also to hold the platform4a-gainstrotative movementas, for example, while the carriage is being movedalong its tracks, the clutch member .being in each case engaged with oneor the other of the disks 35 and 36, according to the direction ofmovement requiredI employ the brake device shown in Figs. 1 and 7. Thisdevice consists of two levers 56 and 57,- pivoted at 58 and 59,

respectively, and pivotally connected at 60 with a screw-shaft 61, whichengages a not held on the carriage and is provided with a hand-wheel 62,by means of which it may be turned. The lever 56 extends upwardly andhas its upper end provided with a serrated shoeadapted for engagementwith the under side of the'platform 4:.

V The lever 57 extends downwardly and has I its lower end connected by alink 64 with an arm 65, pivoted under thecarrlage and carrying at itslower end a brake-shoe 66130. engage thetread of the wheel ,3 of thecarriage.- By;

'tion during the digging stroke.

this construction it will be seen that'when the shaft 61' is turned inone. direction the shoe on lever 56 will be engaged with the platform tohold the same against rotative movement, and whensaid shaft is turned inthe other direction the shoe 66 will be engaged with wheel 3, so as tohold the carriage securely against movement along its tracks.

During the digging stroke of the shovel or bucket and at other timeswhen it is desired to hold both the carriage and platform sta; tionarythe clutch member 34 will be held in its central position out ofengagement with both disks 35 and 36, so that no movement will beimparted to said carriage and plat form. At such times, if desired, thecarriage may be held against movement along its tracks by means ofsuitably-arranged blocks or chucks beneath the wheels 3 thereof..

In operation when it is desired to dig a trench or other excavation witha horizontal bottom the mast 6 is held in a vertical posi- When saidmast is inclined during the digging stroke of the bucket or shovel, thesides or end of the excavation will be correspondingly inclined. At thebeginning of the stroke of the bucket or shoveLwhen the same standsadjacent to the carriage, the pivotpoint 24 of the jointed frame will beraised to the upper part of the mast, the pivot-point 27 beingcorrespondingly lowered, so that the positions of these two pivot-pointsas they are shown in Fig. 1 will be reversed. The ends 12 of the jibbeing connected to the pivot-point 24 of the jointed frame by means oflinks 22, as seen in .Fig. 9,- will be correspondingly raised, while thebucket carried on the outer end of the jib will be moved to a positionadjacent to the carriage 2. The cable 31 being wound on the drum 32, thepositions of the pivotpoints 24: and 27 of the jointed frame will begradually reversed, assuming thepositions shown in Fig. l, the inner endof the jib 11 being drawn down while said jib is swung pivotally on itsbraces 13, causing the bucket or shovel held on the outer end of the jibto be moved in a direction away from the carriage, its-forward edgeentering the earth at the bottom of the excavation, so as to till thebucket. The movementof the drum is stopped whenthe bucket reaches theend of its out or digging stroke and stands in' the position shown inFig. 1, and the hoisting-drum 9 is then actuated to wind thereon thecable 8 thereby throwing the mast 6. backward to a rearwardly-inclinedposition and raising the lease the shoe 66 from engagement with theplatform and cause the same, together with the mast and jibcarriedthereon, to swing in thearc of a circle, so as to move the-bucket IIO orshovel 15 to one side of the excavation to permit it to be dumped. Afterthe bucket has been dumped the screw-shafts 44: are manipulated toreverse the rotative movement of the platform 4:, so as to return thebucket or shovel to a position over the excavation, and simultaneouslythe mast (3 is returned to its vertical position, (shownin Fig. 1,)after which the bucket is lowered into the excavation again and thepivot-points of the jointed frame are returned to their first positionsby reason of the shortening of the cable 31, which is then wound on thedrum 3:3, whereby the jib is again moved pivotally and the bucket on theouter end thereof is moved over toward the carriage, so as to be inposition to begin the next digging stroke, when the preceding operationshall be repeated.

By the employment of the jointed frame and long upper links 28 uniformspeed and power are imparted to the bucket throughout the entire lengthof its stroke, so that the variations in speed and power of the bucketwhich would be caused were these parts omitted and the cable from thedrum 32 connected directly with the inner end of the jib are altogetheravoided.

From the above description it will be obvious that the apparatusconstructed according to my invention is of an extremely simple andinexpensive construction and is especially well adapted for use inexcavating, since the strains imposed upon the several parts in theoperation of the apparatus are equalized, so that the liability ofbreakage is lessened. It will also be obvious from the above descriptionthat the apparatus is capable of some modification withoutmaterial'departure from the principles and spirit of the invention, andfor this reason I do not wish to be understood as limiting myself to theprecise form and arrangement of the several parts herein set forth.

Having thus described my invention, I claim 1. In an excavatingapparatus, the combiotal movement to said jib, substantially as setforth.

4. In an excavating apparatus, the combination of a mast pivotallymounted and adapted to be swung in a vertical plane to a vertical or toan inclined position, a jib, pivotally mounted independent of the mastand having one end guided for movement along the mast, a bucket orshovel on the other end of said jib, means for imparting pivotalmovement to the jib, and means for moving said mast pivotally in avertical plane, substantially as set forth.

5. In an excavating apparatus, the combination of a mast pivotallymounted and adapted to be swung in a vertical plane to a vertical or toan inclined position, a brace pivoted at one end and also adapted toswing in a vertical plane, a jib pivotally mounted at its centralportion on said pivoted brace and having one end connected to the mastand adapted for movement lengthwise along the same, a bucket or shovelcarried on the other end of the jib, means for imparting pivotalmovement to the jib, and means for moving said mast pivotally, in avertical plane, substantially as set forth.

6. In an excavating apparatus, the combination of a mast mountedforswinging movement in a vertical plane, a jib pivotally mounted at itscentral part and having one end connected to the mast and adapted formovement lengthwise along the same, a bucket or shovel carried on theother end of the jib, means for imparting pivotal move ment to the jib,an equalizing device connecting said means with the jib, and means forswinging said mast, substantially asset forth.

7. In an excavating apparatus, the combination of a mast, a jibpivotally mounted at its central part and having one end connected tothe mast and adapted for movement lengthwise along the same, a bucket orshovel carried on the other end of the.jib, means for imparting pivotalmovement to the jib, and an equalizing device connecting said meansnation ofa platform,a mast pivotally mounted with the jib, substantiallyas set forth.

and adapted to be swung in a vertical plane to a vertical or to aninclined position, a jib having pivotal connection with the platformconnected at one end to the mast, a bucket or shovel carried on theouter end of the jib, and means for moving said mast pivotally in avertical plane, substantially as set forth.

2. In an excavating apparatus, the combination of a mast, a jib,pivotally mounted independently of said mast and having one end guidedfor movement along the mast, a bucket or shovel on the other end of saidjib, and means forimparting pivotal movement to said jib, substantiallyas set forth.

3. In an excavating apparatus, the combination of a mast, a pivotedbrace, a jib pivotally mounted on said pivoted brace and 8. In anexcavating apparatus, the combination of a mast, a jib pivotally mountedat its central part and having one end connected to the mast and adaptedfor movement lengthwise along the same, a bucket or shovel carried onthe other end of the jib, means for moving the jib pivotally, and anequalizing device interposed between said means and the jib andconsisting of a jointed frame formed of pivotally-connected upper andlower levers and links pivotally connecting opposite sides of said framewith the mast, substantially as set forth.

9. In an excavating apparatus, the combination of a mast, a jointedframe connected at opposite sides to the mast and consisting of two setsof pivotally-connected levers having upper and lower pivot-pointsadapted for movement lengthwise of the mast, a pivoted jib connected tothe jointed frame and provided with a buelzet or shovel, and ineans forI moving said jointed frame, substantially as set forth.

1 10. In an excavating apparatus, the eomhination of a jib, a bucket orshovel pivotally connected thereto, pivotally-conneeted links pivotedto-the bucket or shovel and to the jib, respectively, and a rollercarried by one link and havingengagement with the bucket, substantiallyas set forth. I

11. In an excavating apparatus, the combination of a carriage havingwheels and axles,

a platform mounted to turn on the carriage, a mast on the platform, ashovel or bucket carried by the mast, a driving-shaft, gearing to'impartmovement alternately in opposite directions from the driving'sl1aft toboth said carriage and platform, and means arranged when moved to holdsaid carriage and platform alternately against movement, substantiallyas set forth. Y t

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presenceof two Witnesses. I

PETER N. JONTE,

, Witnesses:

' JOHN ELIAS J ONES, JLD. THORNE.

